Water Scarcity
Postel, Sandra L. “Entering an Era of Water Scarcity: The Challenges Ahead.” Ecological Applications 10.4 (2000): 941-948.
“Two of water’s most fundamental functions – its role as a prerequisite for life, on the one hand, and its use as a commodity or economic resource on the other – are increasingly in conflict.”
St. Fleur, Nicholas. “Two-Thirds of the World Faces Severe Water Shortages.” The New York Times, 12 February 2016, https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/13/science/two-thirds-of-the-world-faces-severe-water-shortages.html.
Infrastructure: Flint, Michigan
The Center for Neighborhood Technology. “The Case for Fixing the Leaks: Protecting people and saving water while supporting economic growth in the Great Lakes region.” 2013. Available at: http://www.cnt.org/sites/default/files/publications/CNT_CaseforFixingtheLeaks.pdf.
Kane, Joseph and Robert Puentes. “Flint’s water crisis highlights need for infrastructure investment and innovation.” Brookings, 13 January 2016, https://www.brookings.edu/blog/the-avenue/2016/01/13/flints-water-crisis-highlights-need-for-infrastructure-investment-and-innovation/.
“Lead Poisoning in Michigan Highlights Aging Water Systems Nationwide.” Interview with Robert Puentes. NPR, 2 January 2016, http://www.npr.org/2016/01/02/461735226/lead-poisoning-in-michigan-highlights-weakened-water-systems-nationwide.
“We waste about 15% of our drinking water – about 2 trillion gallons are wasted just from leaks in the existing system.”
Groundwater depletion: California
Braxton Little, Jane. “Northern California Towns Are Running Out of Water.” Water Deeply, 16 August 2016, https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2016/08/16/northern-california-towns-are-running-out-of-water.
“Study: Third of Big Groundwater Basins in Distress.” NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 16 June 2015, https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=4626.
“…[a] dearth of groundwater is already leading to significant ecological damage, including depleted rivers, declining water quality and subsiding land.”
Water management: Drought and Agriculture in the American West
Kearney, Melissa S. et al. “In Times of Drought: Nine Economic Facts about Water in the United States.” Brookings, 20 October 2014, https://www.brookings.edu/research/in-times-of-drought-nine-economic-facts-about-water-in-the-united-states/.
“California’s agriculture is critical to our national economy. Over one third of the country’s vegetables and nearly two thirds of the country’s fruits and nuts were produced in California in 2012.”
Water privatization in developing countries
Shiva, Vandana. Water Wars: Privatization, Pollution, and Profit. South End Press, 2002.
“In communities where water is sacred, the worth of water rests on its role and function as a life-force for animals, plants, and ecosystems. However, commodification of water reduces its value only to its commercial value…. The water crisis results from an erroneous equation of value with monetary price.”
Vidal, John. “Water privatization: a worldwide failure?” The Guardian, 30 January 2015, https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2015/jan/30/water-privatisation-worldwide-failure-lagos-world-bank.
Water-related Natural Disasters
Van Lierop, Ambassador Robert F. “Global Water Partnership Annual Lecture.” United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, 1 September 2013, Stockholm, Sweden,
http://www.gwp.org/globalassets/global/activities/news/august-2013/cp-annual-lecture-2013---final-version.pdf.
“Over 90% of disasters in the world are water-related…”
Hurricane Katrina
The University’s Hurricane Katrina Research. The University of Southern Mississippi, https://www.usm.edu/katrina-anniversary/universitys-hurricane-katrina-research. Accessed 20 June 2017.
Thompson, Helen. “How Hurricane Katrina Redrew the Gulf Coast.” Smithsonian, 28 August 2015, http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/how-hurricane-katrina-redrew-gulf-coast-180956444/.
Hurricane Sandy
Worrall, Simon. “Two Years After Hurricane Sandy Hit the U.S., What Lessons Can We Learn From the Deadly Storm?” National Geographic, 18 October 2014, http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/10/141019-hurricane-sandy-katrina-coast-guard-hunters-ngbooktalk/.
“When we think about risk, we think about terrorist attacks or nuclear disaster. Very rarely do we put natural and meteorological disaster at the forefront of our collective minds.”
Hurricane Ivan in Jamaica
“Hurricane Ivan slams into Jamaica.” BBC News, 11 September 2004, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/3646528.stm.
Water Pollution
“Why is Our Water in Trouble?” The Nature Conservancy, https://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/habitats/riverslakes/threatsimpacts/. Accessed 20 June 2017.
“Half the world’s major rivers are being seriously polluted or depleted. About 40 percent of rivers and lakes in the U.S….are too polluted for swimming or fishing.”
Waterborne Disease
Berman, Jessica. “WHO: Waterborne Disease is World’s Leading Killer.” VOA, 29 October 2009, https://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-2005-03-17-voa34-67381152/274768.html.
“…every year more than 3.4 million people die as a result of water related diseases, making it the leading cause of disease and death around the world…. [and] four out of every 10 people in the world, particularly those in Africa and Asia, do not have clean water to drink.”
Water and Security
Ricks, Thomas E. “The future of water wars.” Foreign Policy, 5 May 2011, http://foreignpolicy.com/2011/05/05/the-future-of-water-wars/.
“Many of the wars this century were about oil, but those of the next century will be over water.” (Quoting Ismail Serageldin in 1995, then Vice President of the World Bank.)
UN World Water Assessment Program. The United Nations World Water Development Report 2016: Water and Jobs. Paris: UNESCO, 2016.
“…nearly 80% of the jobs constituting the global workforce are dependent upon having access to an adequate supply of water and water-related services…”
Solving Local and Global Water Crises
Goldman, T.R. "5 Glimpses of the Future of Water." Politico, 25 May 2016, http://www.politico.com/agenda/story/2016/05/5-new-gadgets-to-save-water-000132.
Spinks, Rosie. “Could these five innovations help solve the global water crisis?” The Guardian, 13 February 2017, https://www.theguardian.com/global-development-professionals-network/2017/feb/13/global-water-crisis-innovation-solution.
Reig, Paul and Eliot Metzger. “Solving the Fresh Water Crisis.” World Resources Institute, 22 June 2016, http://www.wri.org/blog/2016/06/solving-fresh-water-crisis.
“Companies will find themselves asking: Who can we partner with to develop new technologies and business models that will work for our customers? Countries will find themselves asking: How will we support economic development while also ensuring all of our citizens have access to clean water and energy? Among the more intriguing answers to both of these questions: cities and women. Cities and women happen to know more about water and energy than anyone.”
Postel, Sandra L. “Entering an Era of Water Scarcity: The Challenges Ahead.” Ecological Applications 10.4 (2000): 941-948.
“Two of water’s most fundamental functions – its role as a prerequisite for life, on the one hand, and its use as a commodity or economic resource on the other – are increasingly in conflict.”
St. Fleur, Nicholas. “Two-Thirds of the World Faces Severe Water Shortages.” The New York Times, 12 February 2016, https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/13/science/two-thirds-of-the-world-faces-severe-water-shortages.html.
Infrastructure: Flint, Michigan
The Center for Neighborhood Technology. “The Case for Fixing the Leaks: Protecting people and saving water while supporting economic growth in the Great Lakes region.” 2013. Available at: http://www.cnt.org/sites/default/files/publications/CNT_CaseforFixingtheLeaks.pdf.
Kane, Joseph and Robert Puentes. “Flint’s water crisis highlights need for infrastructure investment and innovation.” Brookings, 13 January 2016, https://www.brookings.edu/blog/the-avenue/2016/01/13/flints-water-crisis-highlights-need-for-infrastructure-investment-and-innovation/.
“Lead Poisoning in Michigan Highlights Aging Water Systems Nationwide.” Interview with Robert Puentes. NPR, 2 January 2016, http://www.npr.org/2016/01/02/461735226/lead-poisoning-in-michigan-highlights-weakened-water-systems-nationwide.
“We waste about 15% of our drinking water – about 2 trillion gallons are wasted just from leaks in the existing system.”
Groundwater depletion: California
Braxton Little, Jane. “Northern California Towns Are Running Out of Water.” Water Deeply, 16 August 2016, https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2016/08/16/northern-california-towns-are-running-out-of-water.
“Study: Third of Big Groundwater Basins in Distress.” NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 16 June 2015, https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?feature=4626.
“…[a] dearth of groundwater is already leading to significant ecological damage, including depleted rivers, declining water quality and subsiding land.”
Water management: Drought and Agriculture in the American West
Kearney, Melissa S. et al. “In Times of Drought: Nine Economic Facts about Water in the United States.” Brookings, 20 October 2014, https://www.brookings.edu/research/in-times-of-drought-nine-economic-facts-about-water-in-the-united-states/.
“California’s agriculture is critical to our national economy. Over one third of the country’s vegetables and nearly two thirds of the country’s fruits and nuts were produced in California in 2012.”
Water privatization in developing countries
Shiva, Vandana. Water Wars: Privatization, Pollution, and Profit. South End Press, 2002.
“In communities where water is sacred, the worth of water rests on its role and function as a life-force for animals, plants, and ecosystems. However, commodification of water reduces its value only to its commercial value…. The water crisis results from an erroneous equation of value with monetary price.”
Vidal, John. “Water privatization: a worldwide failure?” The Guardian, 30 January 2015, https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2015/jan/30/water-privatisation-worldwide-failure-lagos-world-bank.
Water-related Natural Disasters
Van Lierop, Ambassador Robert F. “Global Water Partnership Annual Lecture.” United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, 1 September 2013, Stockholm, Sweden,
http://www.gwp.org/globalassets/global/activities/news/august-2013/cp-annual-lecture-2013---final-version.pdf.
“Over 90% of disasters in the world are water-related…”
Hurricane Katrina
The University’s Hurricane Katrina Research. The University of Southern Mississippi, https://www.usm.edu/katrina-anniversary/universitys-hurricane-katrina-research. Accessed 20 June 2017.
Thompson, Helen. “How Hurricane Katrina Redrew the Gulf Coast.” Smithsonian, 28 August 2015, http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/how-hurricane-katrina-redrew-gulf-coast-180956444/.
Hurricane Sandy
Worrall, Simon. “Two Years After Hurricane Sandy Hit the U.S., What Lessons Can We Learn From the Deadly Storm?” National Geographic, 18 October 2014, http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/10/141019-hurricane-sandy-katrina-coast-guard-hunters-ngbooktalk/.
“When we think about risk, we think about terrorist attacks or nuclear disaster. Very rarely do we put natural and meteorological disaster at the forefront of our collective minds.”
Hurricane Ivan in Jamaica
“Hurricane Ivan slams into Jamaica.” BBC News, 11 September 2004, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/3646528.stm.
Water Pollution
“Why is Our Water in Trouble?” The Nature Conservancy, https://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/habitats/riverslakes/threatsimpacts/. Accessed 20 June 2017.
“Half the world’s major rivers are being seriously polluted or depleted. About 40 percent of rivers and lakes in the U.S….are too polluted for swimming or fishing.”
Waterborne Disease
Berman, Jessica. “WHO: Waterborne Disease is World’s Leading Killer.” VOA, 29 October 2009, https://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-2005-03-17-voa34-67381152/274768.html.
“…every year more than 3.4 million people die as a result of water related diseases, making it the leading cause of disease and death around the world…. [and] four out of every 10 people in the world, particularly those in Africa and Asia, do not have clean water to drink.”
Water and Security
Ricks, Thomas E. “The future of water wars.” Foreign Policy, 5 May 2011, http://foreignpolicy.com/2011/05/05/the-future-of-water-wars/.
“Many of the wars this century were about oil, but those of the next century will be over water.” (Quoting Ismail Serageldin in 1995, then Vice President of the World Bank.)
UN World Water Assessment Program. The United Nations World Water Development Report 2016: Water and Jobs. Paris: UNESCO, 2016.
“…nearly 80% of the jobs constituting the global workforce are dependent upon having access to an adequate supply of water and water-related services…”
Solving Local and Global Water Crises
Goldman, T.R. "5 Glimpses of the Future of Water." Politico, 25 May 2016, http://www.politico.com/agenda/story/2016/05/5-new-gadgets-to-save-water-000132.
Spinks, Rosie. “Could these five innovations help solve the global water crisis?” The Guardian, 13 February 2017, https://www.theguardian.com/global-development-professionals-network/2017/feb/13/global-water-crisis-innovation-solution.
Reig, Paul and Eliot Metzger. “Solving the Fresh Water Crisis.” World Resources Institute, 22 June 2016, http://www.wri.org/blog/2016/06/solving-fresh-water-crisis.
“Companies will find themselves asking: Who can we partner with to develop new technologies and business models that will work for our customers? Countries will find themselves asking: How will we support economic development while also ensuring all of our citizens have access to clean water and energy? Among the more intriguing answers to both of these questions: cities and women. Cities and women happen to know more about water and energy than anyone.”
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